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vitthārena

vitthāra

masc instr sg of vitthāra (adj); nt instr sg of vitthāra (adj); masc instr sg of vitthāra (noun)

1. vitthāra (adj): extensive; detailed; broad; full; lit. spread out
2. vitthāra (masc): breadth; lit. spread out
3. vitthāra (masc): detailed description; extended explanation; lit. spread out
4. vitthārena (ind): in detail; in full; thoroughly; lit. by spread out
5. vitthārena (ind): in length; in height; lit. by spread out
6. vitthārena (ind): from north to south; lit. by spread out

Built from

• vi — prefix · apart, asunder
  Intensive prefix creating clarity or separation. Here it intensifies the sense of spreading into distinct, detailed parts.
• tthāra — stem · spread, stretched
  Variant stem of √thar- (to spread, stretch). Carries the concrete image of something extended or laid out.
• ena — ending · by, with, in
  Instrumental singular ending marking the adverbial sense 'by means of spreading' or 'in a spread-out manner'.

Analysis. vi + tthāra: the prefix vi- (apart, asunder) intensifies tthāra (spread), making 'spread apart' → 'spread out in detail'; used adverbially to mean 'in an extended or detailed manner'.

Etymology. From vi- (asunder, apart; intensive) + tthāra, a variant of tharati (to spread, stretch). The root √thar- is cognate with Sanskrit tharati and ultimately with Greek tarássō (to trouble, disturb) and Latin terrae (earth, ground as something spread out). The concrete imagery of spreading or stretching apart underlies the abstract sense of detailed exposition or thoroughness.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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