‹ Back to the text

sakena

saka

masc instr sg of saka (adj); nt instr sg of saka (adj); nt instr sg of saka (noun); masc instr sg of saka (noun)

1. one's own; my own
2. one's own (property, possessions, etc.)
3. relation; relative

Built from

• s — root · reflexive pronoun
  From PIE *swe- 'self', seen in English self and German selbst. The root carries the sense of identity and possession belonging to the agent.
• v/k — stem · oblique stem former
  The -k- insertion is a Pali nominal formant that produces the oblique stem saka- from the nominative sva. This is a characteristic Pali pattern for forming adjectives with reflexive meaning.
• -ena — ending · instrumental singular
  The ending -ena marks instrumental case singular, expressing the means, accompaniment, or agency ('by means of, with, through'). Here it indicates 'with one's own' or the instrumental relation of possession.

Etymology. From the reflexive pronoun stem sva- (Sanskrit sva-, cognate with English self, German selbst, Latin suus). The form saka is an oblique stem derived from sva-, with the k inserted as a nominal formant common in Pali adjective formation. The sense 'one's own' develops from the reflexive: that which belongs to oneself, standing in relation to the agent.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

Lite mode — plain HTML for e-readers and old browsers. Full version