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doso

dosa

masc nom sg of dosa (noun); masc nom sg of dosa (adj)

1. aversion; ill-will; hate; hatred
2. fault; wrong; error
3. defect; corruption; problem
4. angry; wrathful; malicious; upset
5. nightfall; dusk; early evening
6. (of the body) humour; elemental condition; lit. fault
7. accusation; blame; reproach

Built from

• du — prefix · bad, hard
  The prefix du- marks excess or wrongness. Like Greek dys- in dysfunction; the same ancient root appears in dukkha and dugati.
• sa — ending · nominalization
  This suffix -a derives abstract nouns from verbal roots, here forming an agent or state noun: 'badness, fault'.

Etymology. Root √dus (bad, hard, gone wrong) + -a (agent/state suffix). Cognate with Sanskrit doṣa. The prefix du- (bad, hard; Greek dys-) appears in dukkha (suffering) and dugati (bad destination); -sa is the nominalization suffix. The semantic range from 'fault' to 'bodily humour' reflects Sanskrit medical terminology where doṣa denotes the three elemental imbalances (vāta, pitta, kapha) as constitutional 'faults'.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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