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akkosanti

akkosati

pr 3rd pl of akkosati (verb)

1. verbally abuses; insults; lambastes; lit. insults here

Built from

• a- — prefix · intensive
  Strengthens or emphasizes the verb's force; here it sharpens the sense of harsh, pointed censure. Often negating or intensifying.
• kkos- — root · blame, censure
  From √kus. The concrete image is that of crying out or shrieking in complaint and accusation; raised voice directed at another in blame.
• -a- — stem · present stem
  Marks the present-tense form.
• -nti — ending · 3rd plural
  Indicative ending showing multiple agents performing the action in the present tense.

Analysis. a-kkosati: a- (negative prefix) + √kus (to blame, censure). Literally 'blames' or 'reviles', with the prefix a- intensifying or sharpening the sense of harsh verbal attack.

Etymology. From a- (intensive or emphatic) + √kus, related to Sanskrit √kruś 'to cry out, shriek'. The root conveys the sense of raising one's voice in blame or complaint. Cognate with Latin querela 'complaint' (from quietus/queri 'to complain') and English query, though the Pali formation emphasizes the vocal, abusive aspect.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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