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Majjhima Nikāya 33

Mahāgopālakasutta

The Longer Discourse on the Cowherd · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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thusEvaṁ by meme heardsutaṁ—
oneekaṁ timesamayaṁ the Blessed Onebhagavā near Sāvatthīsāvatthiyaṁ was stayingviharati in Jeta's Grovejetavane of Anāthapiṇḍikaanāthapiṇḍikassa monasteryārāme.
thereTatra indeedkho the Blessed Onebhagavā the mendicantsbhikkhū addressedāmantesi:
Mendicants“bhikkhavo”ti.
Venerable sir“Bhadante”ti theyte mendicantsbhikkhū to the Blessed Onebhagavato repliedpaccassosuṁ.
the Blessed OneBhagavā said thisetadavoca:

with eleven“Ekādasahi, mendicantsbhikkhave, factorsaṅgehi endowed withsamannāgato a cowherdgopālako unableabhabbo a herd of cattlegogaṇaṁ to maintainpariharituṁ growthphātiṁ to makekātuṁ.
with whichKatamehi elevenekādasahi?
hereIdha, mendicantsbhikkhave, a cowherdgopālako notna knower of formrūpaññū ishoti, notna skilled in characteristicslakkhaṇakusalo ishoti, notna flies’ eggsāsāṭikaṁ one who picks outhāretā ishoti, notna a woundvaṇaṁ one who dressespaṭicchādetā ishoti, notna smokedhūmaṁ one who makeskattā ishoti, notna the fordtitthaṁ knowsjānāti, notna satisfactionpītaṁ knowsjānāti, notna the trailvīthiṁ knowsjānāti, notna skilled in rangesgocarakusalo ishoti milking dryanavasesadohī andca ishoti. thoseYe whote bullsusabhā fathers of the herdgopitaro captains of the herdgopariṇāyakā to themte notna with extra respectatirekapūjāya one who shows respectpūjetā ishoti.
with theseImehi indeedkho, mendicantsbhikkhave, elevenekādasahi factorsaṅgehi endowed withsamannāgato a cowherdgopālako unableabhabbo a herd of cattlegogaṇaṁ to maintainpariharituṁ growthphātiṁ to makekātuṁ.

in the same wayEvameva indeedkho, monksbhikkhave, with elevenekādasahi qualitiesdhammehi endowedsamannāgato a mendicantbhikkhu unableabhabbo in thisimasmiṁ teaching and trainingdhammavinaye growthvuddhiṁ improvementvirūḷhiṁ maturityvepullaṁ to achieveāpajjituṁ.
with whichKatamehi eleven?ekādasahi?
hereIdha, monksbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna one who knows formrūpaññū ishoti, notna skilled in characteristicslakkhaṇakusalo ishoti, notna flies' eggsāsāṭikaṁ one who picks outhāretā ishoti, notna woundsvaṇaṁ one who dressespaṭicchādetā ishoti, notna smokedhūmaṁ one who makeskattā ishoti, notna the fordtitthaṁ knowsjānāti, notna satisfactionpītaṁ knowsjānāti, notna the trailvīthiṁ knowsjānāti, notna skilled in rangesgocarakusalo ishoti, one who milks dryanavasesadohī andca is.hoti. thoseYe who arete mendicantsbhikkhū seniortherā of long standingrattaññū long gone forthcirapabbajitā fathers of the Saṅghasaṅghapitaro leaders of the Saṅghasaṅghapariṇāyakā to themte notna with extra respectatirekapūjāya one who honorspūjetā is.hoti.

and howKathañca, monksbhikkhave, a monkbhikkhu notna a knower of formrūpaññū ishoti?
hereIdha, monksbhikkhave, a monkbhikkhu whateveryaṁ anykiñci formrūpaṁ allsabbaṁ formrūpaṁ four‘cattāri great elementsmahābhūtāni, and of the fourcatunnañca great elementsmahābhūtānaṁ derived formupādāyarūpan’ti as it truly isyathābhūtaṁ does not understandnappajānāti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, monksbhikkhave, a monkbhikkhu notna a knower of formrūpaññū ishoti.

and howKathañca, monksbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna skilled in characteristicslakkhaṇakusalo ishoti?
hereIdha, monksbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu characterized by deeds‘kammalakkhaṇo a foolbālo, characterized by deedskammalakkhaṇo an astute personpaṇḍito’ti as it really isyathābhūtaṁ does not understandnappajānāti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, monksbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna skilled in characteristicslakkhaṇakusalo ishoti.

and how,Kathañca, monks,bhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna flies’ eggsāsāṭikaṁ one who picks outhāretā is?hoti?
Here,Idha, monks,bhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu arisenuppannaṁ sensual thoughtkāmavitakkaṁ tolerates,adhivāseti, does not give upnappajahati notna dispelsvinodeti notna eliminatebyantī doeskaroti notna to non-existenceanabhāvaṁ causes to go.gameti. ArisenUppannaṁ malicious thoughtbyāpādavitakkaṁ ……pe… arisenuppannaṁ cruel thoughtvihiṁsāvitakkaṁ ……pe… arisen again and againuppannuppanne bad,pāpake unskillfulakusale qualitiesdhamme tolerates,adhivāseti, does not give upnappajahati notna dispelsvinodeti notna eliminatebyantī doeskaroti notna to non-existenceanabhāvaṁ causes to go.gameti.
ThusEvaṁ indeed,kho, monks,bhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna flies’ eggsāsāṭikaṁ one who picks outhāretā is.hoti.

and howKathañca, monksbhikkhave, a monkbhikkhu notna a woundvaṇaṁ one who dressespaṭicchādetā ishoti?
hereIdha, monksbhikkhave, a monkbhikkhu with the eyecakkhunā a sightrūpaṁ having seendisvā one who grasps the signnimittaggāhī ishoti one who grasps the detailsanubyañjanaggāhī.
for whatever reasonYatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ the faculty of sightcakkhundriyaṁ unrestrainedasaṁvutaṁ livingviharantaṁ covetousness and displeasureabhijjhādomanassā badpāpakā unskillfulakusalā qualitiesdhammā would overwhelmanvāssaveyyuṁ, for thattassa for the restraintsaṁvarāya notna practicespaṭipajjati, notna protectsrakkhati the faculty of sightcakkhundriyaṁ, in the faculty of sightcakkhundriye notna restraintsaṁvaraṁ achievesāpajjati.
with the earSotena a soundsaddaṁ having heardsutvā …pe……pe…
with the noseghānena an odorgandhaṁ having smelledghāyitvā …pe……pe…
with the tonguejivhāya a flavorrasaṁ having tastedsāyitvā …pe……pe…
with the bodykāyena a touchphoṭṭhabbaṁ having feltphusitvā …pe……pe…
with the mindmanasā an ideadhammaṁ having knownviññāya one who grasps the signnimittaggāhī ishoti one who grasps the detailsanubyañjanaggāhī.
for whatever reasonYatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ the faculty of the mindmanindriyaṁ unrestrainedasaṁvutaṁ livingviharantaṁ covetousness and displeasureabhijjhādomanassā badpāpakā unskillfulakusalā qualitiesdhammā would overwhelmanvāssaveyyuṁ, for thattassa for the restraintsaṁvarāya notna practicespaṭipajjati, notna protectsrakkhati the faculty of the mindmanindriyaṁ, in the faculty of the mindmanindriye notna restraintsaṁvaraṁ achievesāpajjati.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, monksbhikkhave, a monkbhikkhu notna a woundvaṇaṁ one who dressespaṭicchādetā ishoti.

and howKathañca, o mendicantsbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna smokedhūmaṁ a makerkattā ishoti?
hereIdha, o mendicantsbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu as learnedyathāsutaṁ as memorizedyathāpariyattaṁ the Dhammadhammaṁ notna in detailvitthārena to othersparesaṁ a teacherdesetā ishoti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, o mendicantsbhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu notna smokedhūmaṁ a makerkattā ishoti.

And how,Kathañca, monks,bhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu does notna the fordtitthaṁ know?jānāti?
Here,Idha, monks,bhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu thoseye whote mendicantsbhikkhū very learned,bahussutā inheritors of the heritage,āgatāgamā who have memorized the teachings,dhammadharā the monastic law,vinayadharā and the outlines,mātikādharā, themte from timekālena to timekālaṁ having approached,upasaṅkamitvā does notna ask questions,paripucchati, does notna question:paripañhati:
‘this,‘idaṁ, sir,bhante, how?kathaṁ?
of thisImassa whatko is the meaning?’attho’ti?
of himTassa thosete venerablesāyasmanto what is hiddenavivaṭañceva do notna reveal,vivaranti, what is unclearanuttānīkatañca notna clarify,uttānīkaronti, regarding the manyanekavihitesu andca doubtfulkaṅkhāṭhānīyesu mattersdhammesu doubtkaṅkhaṁ notna dispel.paṭivinodenti.
ThusEvaṁ indeed,kho, monks,bhikkhave, a mendicantbhikkhu does notna the fordtitthaṁ know.jānāti.

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