The Shorter Discourse on the Mass of Suffering · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral
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thusEvaṁ
by meme
heardsutaṁ—
oneekaṁ
timesamayaṁ
the Blessed Onebhagavā
among the Sakyanssakkesu
was stayingviharati
at Kapilavatthukapilavatthusmiṁ
in the Banyan Tree Monasterynigrodhārāme.
thenAtha
indeedkho
Mahānāmamahānāmo
the Sakyansakko
toward whomyena
the Blessed Onebhagavā
went up to himtenupasaṅkami;
having approachedupasaṅkamitvā
the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ
having bowedabhivādetvā
to one sideekamantaṁ
sat downnisīdi.
to one sideEkamantaṁ
having satnisinno
indeedkho
Mahānāmamahānāmo
the Sakyansakko
the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ
said this to himetadavoca:
for a long time I“dīgharattāhaṁ,
sirbhante,
by the Blessed Onebhagavatā
thusevaṁ
dhammadhammaṁ
taughtdesitaṁ
I understandājānāmi:
greed‘lobho
of the mindcittassa
a corruptionupakkileso,
hatedoso
of the mindcittassa
a corruptionupakkileso,
delusionmoho
of the mindcittassa
a corruptionupakkileso’ti.
and thus IEvañcāhaṁ,
sirbhante,
by the Blessed Onebhagavatā
dhammadhammaṁ
taughtdesitaṁ
I understandājānāmi:
greed‘lobho
of the mindcittassa
a corruptionupakkileso,
hatedoso
of the mindcittassa
a corruptionupakkileso,
delusionmoho
of the mindcittassa
a corruptionupakkileso’ti.
thenAtha
butca
howeverpana
myme
sometimesekadā
states of greedlobhadhammāpi
the mindcittaṁ
having overwhelmedpariyādāya
they persisttiṭṭhanti,
states of hatedosadhammāpi
the mindcittaṁ
having overwhelmedpariyādāya
they persisttiṭṭhanti,
states of delusionmohadhammāpi
the mindcittaṁ
having overwhelmedpariyādāya
they persisttiṭṭhanti.
of thatTassa
of memayhaṁ,
sirbhante,
thusevaṁ
it occurshoti:
which indeed‘kosu
indeednāma
of meme
qualitydhammo
internallyajjhattaṁ
not abandonedappahīno
because of whichyena
of meme
sometimesekadā
states of greedlobhadhammāpi
the mindcittaṁ
having overwhelmedpariyādāya
they persisttiṭṭhanti,
states of hatedosadhammāpi
the mindcittaṁ
having overwhelmedpariyādāya
they persisttiṭṭhanti,
states of delusionmohadhammāpi
the mindcittaṁ
having overwhelmedpariyādāya
they persisttiṭṭhantī’”ti.
that“So
justeva
indeedkho
in youte,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
qualitydhammo
internallyajjhattaṁ
not given upappahīno
by whichyena
youte
sometimesekadā
states of greedlobhadhammāpi
mindcittaṁ
having overcomepariyādāya
persisttiṭṭhanti,
states of hatreddosadhammāpi
mindcittaṁ
having overcomepariyādāya
persisttiṭṭhanti,
states of delusionmohadhammāpi
mindcittaṁ
having overcomepariyādāya
persisttiṭṭhanti.
thatSo
andca
indeedhi
in youte,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
qualitydhammo
internallyajjhattaṁ
given uppahīno
had beenabhavissa,
notna
youtvaṁ
household lifeagāraṁ
would liveajjhāvaseyyāsi,
notna
sensual pleasureskāme
would enjoyparibhuñjeyyāsi.
sinceYasmā
andca
indeedkho
in youte,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
thatso
veryeva
qualitydhammo
internallyajjhattaṁ
not given upappahīno
thereforetasmā
youtvaṁ
household lifeagāraṁ
liveajjhāvasasi,
sensual pleasureskāme
enjoyparibhuñjasi.
of little gratification‘Appassādā
sensual pleasureskāmā
of much sufferingbahudukkhā
of much distressbahupāyāsā,
the drawbackādīnavo
hereettha
is greater'bhiyyo’ti—
thusiti
even thoughcepi,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
a noble discipleariyasāvakassa
as it really isyathābhūtaṁ
with right wisdomsammappaññāya
clearly seensudiṭṭhaṁ
hashoti,
theyso
andca
apart fromaññatreva
from sensual pleasureskāmehi
apart fromaññatra
unskillfulakusalehi
qualitiesdhammehi
rapture and blisspītisukhaṁ
does not achievenādhigacchati,
somethingaññaṁ
orvā
than thattato
more peacefulsantataraṁ;
thenatha
indeedkho
theyso
not yetneva
so longtāva
one who returnsanāvaṭṭī
to sensual pleasureskāmesu
ishoti.
whenYato
andca
indeedkho,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
a noble discipleariyasāvakassa
of little gratification‘appassādā
sensual pleasureskāmā
of much sufferingbahudukkhā
of much distressbahupāyāsā,
the drawbackādīnavo
hereettha
is greater'—this is howbhiyyo’ti—evametaṁ
as it really isyathābhūtaṁ
with right wisdomsammappaññāya
clearly seensudiṭṭhaṁ
hashoti,
theyso
andca
apart fromaññatreva
from sensual pleasureskāmehi
apart fromaññatra
unskillfulakusalehi
qualitiesdhammehi
rapture and blisspītisukhaṁ
achievesadhigacchati
somethingaññaṁ
orvā
than thattato
more peacefulsantataraṁ;
thenatha
indeedkho
theyso
one who returnsanāvaṭṭī
to sensual pleasureskāmesu
ishoti.
to me tooMayhampi
indeedkho,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
even beforepubbeva
from awakeningsambodhā,
of one not fully awakenedanabhisambuddhassa
being a bodhisattabodhisattasseva
beingsato,
of little gratification‘appassādā
sensual pleasureskāmā
of much sufferingbahudukkhā
of much distressbahupāyāsā,
drawbackādīnavo
hereettha
more; this is thusbhiyyo’ti—evametaṁ
as it truly isyathābhūtaṁ
with right wisdomsammappaññāya
well seensudiṭṭhaṁ
ishoti,
thatso
andca
apart fromaññatreva
from sensual pleasureskāmehi
apart fromaññatra
from unskillfulakusalehi
from qualitiesdhammehi
rapture and blisspītisukhaṁ
I did not achievenājjhagamaṁ,
anotheraññaṁ
orvā
than thattato
more peacefulsantataraṁ;
thenatha
I indeedkhvāhaṁ
not yetneva
as long astāva
one not returninganāvaṭṭī
in sensual pleasureskāmesu
I did not announcepaccaññāsiṁ.
but whenYato
andca
indeedkho
to meme,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
of little gratification‘appassādā
sensual pleasureskāmā
of much sufferingbahudukkhā
of much distressbahupāyāsā,
drawbackādīnavo
hereettha
more; this is thusbhiyyo’ti—evametaṁ
as it truly isyathābhūtaṁ
with right wisdomsammappaññāya
well seensudiṭṭhaṁ
wasahosi,
thatso
andca
apart fromaññatreva
from sensual pleasureskāmehi
apart fromaññatra
from unskillfulakusalehi
from qualitiesdhammehi
rapture and blisspītisukhaṁ
I achievedajjhagamaṁ,
anotheraññaṁ
orvā
than thattato
more peacefulsantataraṁ;
then Iathāhaṁ
one not returninganāvaṭṭī
in sensual pleasureskāmesu
I announcedpaccaññāsiṁ.
whatKo
andca,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
of sensual pleasureskāmānaṁ
gratificationassādo?
these fivePañcime,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
kinds of sensual stimulationkāmaguṇā.
whichKatame
fivepañca?
known by the eyeCakkhuviññeyyā
sightsrūpā
likableiṭṭhā
desirablekantā
agreeablemanāpā
pleasantpiyarūpā
sensualkāmūpasaṁhitā
arousingrajanīyā;
known by the earsotaviññeyyā
soundssaddā
…pe……pe…
known by the noseghānaviññeyyā
smellsgandhā
……
known by the tonguejivhāviññeyyā
tastesrasā
……
known by the bodykāyaviññeyyā
touchesphoṭṭhabbā
likableiṭṭhā
desirablekantā
agreeablemanāpā
pleasantpiyarūpā
sensualkāmūpasaṁhitā
arousingrajanīyā—
theseime
indeedkho,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
fivepañca
kinds of sensual stimulationkāmaguṇā.
thatYaṁ
indeedkho,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
theseime
fivepañca
kinds of sensual stimulationkāmaguṇe
owing topaṭicca
arisesuppajjati
pleasuresukhaṁ
happinesssomanassaṁ—
thisayaṁ
of sensual pleasureskāmānaṁ
gratificationassādo.
what (masculine nominative singular)Ko
andca,
Mahānāma (vocative)mahānāma,
of sensual pleasures (genitive plural)kāmānaṁ
drawback (nominative singular)ādīnavo?
hereIdha,
Mahānāma (vocative)mahānāma,
a gentleman (nominative singular)kulaputto
by which (relative, instrumental singular)yena
profession (instrumental singular)sippaṭṭhānena
living (accusative singular)jīvikaṁ
earns (present active, 3rd singular)kappeti—
ifyadi
by arithmetic (instrumental singular)muddāya
ifyadi
by accounting (instrumental singular)gaṇanāya
ifyadi
by calculating (instrumental singular)saṅkhānena
ifyadi
by farming (instrumental singular)kasiyā
ifyadi
by trade (instrumental singular)vaṇijjāya
ifyadi
by raising cattle (instrumental singular)gorakkhena
ifyadi
by archery (instrumental singular)issatthena
ifyadi
by government service (instrumental singular)rājaporisena
ifyadi
by one of the professions (instrumental singular)sippaññatarena,
of cold (genitive singular)sītassa
confronted by (nominative singular)purakkhato
of heat (genitive singular)uṇhassa
confronted by (nominative singular)purakkhato
by the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles (instrumental plural)ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassehi
being hurt (present middle participle, nominative singular)rissamāno
by hunger and thirst (instrumental singular)khuppipāsāya
risking death (present middle participle, nominative singular)mīyamāno;
this also (nominative singular)ayampi,
Mahānāma (vocative)mahānāma,
of sensual pleasures (genitive plural)kāmānaṁ
drawback (nominative singular)ādīnavo
apparent in the present life (nominative singular)sandiṭṭhiko
mass of suffering (nominative singular)dukkhakkhandho
caused by sensual pleasures (causal ablative use, adverbial)kāmahetu
originating from sensual pleasures (nominative singular)kāmanidānaṁ
grounded in sensual pleasures (nominative/acusative singular)kāmādhikaraṇaṁ
of sensual pleasures themselves (genitive plural with emphatic)kāmānameva
because (causal ablative)hetu.
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